Importance Of Intracellular Bound Nucleus And Organelles...

Describe, using named examples and annotated diagrams where appropriate, membrane-bound nucleus and organelles within eukaryotes cells; explain evolutionary advantages of intracellular compartmentalization. Living cells are the functional biological building blocks of animals. They come together to form complex organic tissues, organs, and whole bodies, as well as some of these organisms themselves existing in a unicellular form. Cells vary in size and dimension, with Eukaryotes ranging from 1x10-3m to 1x10-4m in length, whilst the smaller and less structurally complex Prokaryotes exist between measurements of 1x10-4m to 1x10-7m in length. This size is contained by the cell membrane; providing surface area, whilst the three-dimensional formations offer volume to the cell, which comes from the structural sum of all constituents present in the cytoplasm. Cells have evolved; they are small in order to benefit from a large surface area to volume ratio. An increased surface area is very advantageous as it allows more sites for protein carriers to transport nutrients into the cell, as well as encouraging more biochemical reactions on the surface, and across the membrane. With both Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes having ability to transport multiple nutrients and molecules into the cell, a range of reactions can take place within these cells. All the vital catalysts, reactants and reagents required to make use of these transported substances are in the cytoplasm of both types ofShow MoreRelatedAbout Cells Essay2434 Words   |  10 Pageson. These large polymeric molecules, or macromolecules, are proteins, made from linear chains of amino acids, DNA and RNA (nucleic acids made from nucleotide bases), and polysaccharides (made of sugar subunits). Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes There is a fundamental division, in size and in internal organization, between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, found only in bacteria and cyanobacteria (formerly known as blue-green algae), are relativelyRead MoreThe Endoplasmic Reticulum1644 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the central intracellular organelle providing stringent quality control systems to protein synthesis. Upon accumulation of misfolded/ unfolded proteins in the ER, eukaryotic cells have developed an evolutionarily conserved adaptive mechanism, unfolded protein response (UPR), to clear these proteins and restore ER homeostasis. The ability to respond to perturbations in ER function is critical for cell survival but chronic or amplified ER stress canRead MoreAn Outline of the Cell Theory Essay3791 Words   |  16 Pagestheory replaces the former ideas of spontaneous generation or abiogenesis in which inanimate matter assembles itself into living forms †¢ Exception: muscle cells- more than 1 nucleus, very long; (fungal cells) hyphae roots- not a single unit; protoctista- not specialized to single function; subcellular things like organelles 2.1.2 Discuss the evidence for the cell theory (3). †¢ Robert Hooke first described cells in 1665 while observing cork with a microscope he built. Coined the term â€Å"cell† †¢ AntoineRead MoreIb Bio Hl Chap 1 Cell9873 Words   |  40 PagesSATHAR MOHD 2012-2014 13. The electron micrograph below shows an organelle in a eukaryotic cell. What is the area labelled X and what is the type of reaction occurring there? [Source: http://scienceblogs.com/clock/2006/11/cell_structure.php] X A. B. C. D. 13. D matrix stroma stroma matrix Reaction photolysis Krebs cycle photolysis Krebs cycle [1] 14. In which of the following cells can more than one nucleus be found? A. B. C. D. An unfertilized egg Neuron Sertoli cell Muscle fibre Read MoreCell Biology Final Essay30093 Words   |  121 Pages__________________________________ Date: ______________Comprehensive Study Guide. Test will only be Multiple choice 1. The feature that most clearly separates eukaryotes from prokaryotes is the presence of _______ in eukaryotic cells. A) ribosomes B) oxidative phosphorylation C) DNA molecules -D) a nucleus 2. Cytoplasmic organelles are - A) absent in prokaryotic cells; present in eukaryotic cells. B) present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. C) present in prokaryotic cells;Read MoreBio 101 Essay24965 Words   |  100 PagesBiology  relies  heavily  on  the  use  of  numbers,  measurements  and  calculations.  Ã‚  Consequently,  scientists   use  a  universal  measuring  standard  called  the  metric  system.  Ã‚  Because  the  metric  system  is  based  on   units  of  ten,  it  simplifies  making  conversions  within  that  system.   The  basic  units  of  measurement  in  the  metric  system  are:   ï‚ ·Ã¯â‚¬   Gram:  when  measuring  mass.   ï‚ ·Ã¯â‚¬   Liter:  when  measuring  liquid  volume.   ï‚ ·Ã¯â‚¬   Meter:  when  measuring  distance.  Ã‚   Note:  In  the  table  below  meters  are  shown   as  an  exampleRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 Pages 78-81 Light 82-91 Sound 92 Simple Machines 93-99 Unit 5 The Physical Environment Weather and Climate 100-113 Soils 114-128 Unit 6 Living things in the Environment Plant and animal cells 129 Eukaryotes vs prokaryotes 130 Structures and functions 133-137 Microbes 148-150 Onion and cheek cells 150-151 Ecological study 154 Seed structure and germination 155-157 Reproduction in plants 158-165 Sexually transmitted